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185
Misc/FAQ
185
Misc/FAQ
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
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Archive-name: python-faq/part1
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Submitted-by: Guido van Rossum <guido@cwi.nl>
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Version: 1.22
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Version: 1.23
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Last-modified: 10 April 1995
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This article contains answers to Frequently Asked Questions about
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@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Author's address:
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Email: <guido@cwi.nl>
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The latest version of this FAQ is available by anonymous ftp from
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/python-FAQ>. It will also be posted
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/FAQ>. It will also be posted
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regularly to the newsgroups comp.answers <URL:news:comp.answers> and
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comp.lang.python <URL:news:comp.lang.python>.
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@ -199,18 +199,19 @@ Here's an overview of the questions per chapter:
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7. Using Python on non-UNIX platforms
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7.1. Q. Is there a Mac version of Python?
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7.2. Q. Is there a DOS version of Python?
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7.3. Q. Is there a Windows version of Python?
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7.3. Q. Is there a Windows 3.1(1) version of Python?
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7.4. Q. Is there a Windows NT version of Python?
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7.5. Q. Is there an OS/2 version of Python?
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7.6. Q. Is there a VMS version of Python?
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7.7. Q. What about IBM mainframes, or other esoteric non-UNIX
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7.5. Q. Is there a Windows 95 version of Python?
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7.6. Q. Is there an OS/2 version of Python?
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7.7. Q. Is there a VMS version of Python?
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7.8. Q. What about IBM mainframes, or other esoteric non-UNIX
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platforms?
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7.8. Q. Where are the source or Makefiles for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.9. Q. What is the status and support for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.10. Q. I have the PC version but it appears to be only a binary.
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7.9. Q. Where are the source or Makefiles for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.10. Q. What is the status and support for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.11. Q. I have a PC version but it appears to be only a binary.
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Where's the library?
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7.11. Q. Where's the documentation for the Mac or PC version?
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7.12. Q. The Mac (PC) version doesn't seem to have any facilities for
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7.12. Q. Where's the documentation for the Mac or PC version?
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7.13. Q. The Mac (PC) version doesn't seem to have any facilities for
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creating or editing programs apart from entering it interactively, and
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there seems to be no way to save code that was entered interactively.
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How do I create a Python program on the Mac (PC)?
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@ -255,15 +256,17 @@ the TV series or of a can of SPAM :-)
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A. The latest complete Python source distribution is always available
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by anonymous ftp, e.g.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/python1.1.tar.gz>. It is a gzipped
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tar file containing the complete C source, LaTeX documentation, Python
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library modules, example programs, and several useful pieces of freely
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distributable software. This will compile and run out of the box on
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most UNIX platforms. (See section 7 for non-UNIX information.)
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/python1.2.tar.gz>. It is a
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gzipped tar file containing the complete C source, LaTeX
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documentation, Python library modules, example programs, and several
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useful pieces of freely distributable software. This will compile and
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run out of the box on most UNIX platforms. (See section 7 for
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non-UNIX information.)
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Occasionally a set of patches is issued which has to be applied using
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the patch program. These patches are placed in the same directory,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/patch1.1.1>.
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/patch1.1.1>. (At the time
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of writing, no patches exist for 1.2.)
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An index of said ftp directory can be found in the file INDEX. An
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HTML version of the index can be found in the file index.html,
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@ -274,7 +277,7 @@ HTML version of the index can be found in the file index.html,
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A. The LaTeX source for the documentation is part of the source
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distribution. If you don't have LaTeX, the latest Python
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documentation set is always available by anonymous ftp, e.g.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pythondoc-ps1.1.tar.gz>. It is a
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/postscript.tar.gz>. It is a
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gzipped tar file containing PostScript files of the reference manual,
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the library manual, and the tutorial. Note that the library manual is
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the most important one of the set, as much of Python's power stems
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@ -305,15 +308,15 @@ A. There is a newsgroup, comp.lang.python <URL:news:comp.lang.python>,
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and a mailing list. The newsgroup and mailing list are gatewayed into
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each other -- if you can read news it's unnecessary to subscribe to
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the mailing list. Send e-mail to <python-list-request@cwi.nl> to
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(un)subscribe to the mailing list. Hypermail archives of
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(nearly) everything posted to the mailing list (and thus the
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newsgroup) are available on our WWW server,
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(un)subscribe to the mailing list. Hypermail archives of (nearly)
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everything posted to the mailing list (and thus the newsgroup) are
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available on our WWW server,
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<URL:http://www.cwi.nl/~guido/hypermail/index.html>. The raw archives
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are also available by ftp, e.g.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/mailinglist.gz>. The uncompressed
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versions of these files can be read with the standard UNIX Mail
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program ("Mail -f file") or with nn ("nn file"). To read them using
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MH, you could use "inc -file file".
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/mail/mailinglist.gz>. The
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uncompressed versions of these files can be read with the standard
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UNIX Mail program ("Mail -f file") or with nn ("nn file"). To read
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them using MH, you could use "inc -file file".
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1.7. Q. Is there a WWW page devoted to Python?
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@ -332,12 +335,12 @@ documentation set (as hypertext, not just PostScript).
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If you wish to browse this collection of HTML files on your own
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machine, it is available bundled up by anonymous ftp,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/python-html.tar.gz>. (This
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/html.tar.gz>. (This
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requires some manual patch-up for the references to images,
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unfortunately.)
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An Emacs-INFO set containing the library manual is also available by
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ftp, e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/python-lin-info.tar.gz>.
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ftp, e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/lib-info.tar.gz>.
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1.9. Q. Is there a book on Python, or will there be one out soon?
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@ -367,12 +370,12 @@ A. A recent high-level description of Python is:
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PostScript for this paper and for the slides used for the accompanying
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presentation is available by ftp as
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/nluug-paper.ps> and
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/nluug-slides.ps>, respectively.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/nluug-paper.ps> and
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/nluug-slides.ps>, respectively.
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Slides for a talk on Python that I gave at the Usenix Symposium on
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Very High Level Languages in Santa Fe, NM, USA in October 1995 are
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available as <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/vhll-slides.ps>.
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available as <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/doc/vhll-slides.ps>.
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1.12. Q. How does the Python version numbering scheme work?
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@ -630,10 +633,8 @@ toplevel).
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People have reported problems with gcc 2.5.8 up to 2.6.3. The DEC
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OSF/1 cc compiler does not have these problems so it's likely a gcc
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bug. The latest news is that (at least in the 1.2 beta release) the
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problem still exists but only when you use -O, and only affects the
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code generated from Python/marshal.c. A fix is to change "long i, n;"
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into "int i, n;" in w_object().
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bug. The latest news is that this has been fixed in Python 1.2 by a
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source change (I gave up waiting for a fixed gcc).
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3.9. Q. I use VPATH but some targets are built in the source directory.
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@ -972,10 +973,8 @@ sys.path.
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For X-related modules (Xt and Xm) you will have to do more work: they
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are currently not part of the standard Python distribution. You will
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have to ftp the Extensions tar file, e.g.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/extensions.tar.gz> and follow the
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instructions there. Note: the X related modules are still somewhat
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flakey, so don't try this unless you alread know a bit or two about
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building X applications on your platform.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/extensions.tar.gz> and follow the
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instructions there.
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See also the next question.
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@ -1024,7 +1023,7 @@ Overmars -- ftp'able from <URL:ftp://ftp.cs.ruu.nl/pub/SGI/FORMS/>).
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- There's an interface to X11, including the Athena and Motif widget
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sets (and a few individual widgets, like Mosaic's HTML widget and
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SGI's GL widget) in the Extensions set, which is separately ftp'able
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/extensions.tar.gz>.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/extensions.tar.gz>.
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- There's an interface to SUIT, the U of Virginia's Simple User
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Interface Toolkit; it can be ftp'ed from
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@ -1062,10 +1061,11 @@ A. There's an interface to SYBASE by John Redford
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There's an interface to metalbase by Lance Ellinghaus
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<lance@markv.com>; it is part of the separate Extensions distribution
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/extensions.tar.gz>.
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/extensions.tar.gz>.
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Anthony Baxter <anthony.baxter@aaii.oz.au> has written an interface to
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mSQL (mini-SQL). <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/PymSQL.tar.gz>.
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mSQL (mini-SQL).
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/contrib/PymSQL.tar.gz>.
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Tom Culliton <culliton@clark.net> has written an Oracle module. Write
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him to get a copy of the latest version.
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@ -1302,7 +1302,7 @@ A. The standard library has a module urllib, which can retrieve most
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commonly used URL types (file, ftp, http, gopher).
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The Demo2/www directory (Demo2 has to be retrieved separately from the
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Python ftp sites <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/demo2.tar.gz>)
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Python ftp sites <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/demo2.tar.gz>)
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contains some (really old) code to parse HTML and to display it.
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Steve Miale <smiale@cs.indiana.edu> has written a modular WWW browser
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@ -1754,39 +1754,18 @@ surely hit upon it sooner or later.
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7.1. Q. Is there a Mac version of Python?
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A. Yes. It is on most ftp sites carrying Python as python.sea.hqx,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/python_1.1.sea.hqx> -- this is a
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self-extracting archive containing the application binary as well as
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the Lib modules.
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A. Yes, see the "mac" subdirectory of the distribution sites,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/mac/>.
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7.2. Q. Is there a DOS version of Python?
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A. Yes. More than one, actually: 16python.exe runs in standard DOS
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mode on 186 CPUs or higher; 32python.exe uses a DOS extender and only
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runs on a 386 or higher CPUs. Although 16python.exe does not pass the
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test set because test_grammar is too big for the parser, it actually
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has about 270 kbyte of allocatable heap space, which is sufficient for
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fairly large programs. 32python.exe is distributed as a tar file
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containing the required DOS extended and 387 emulator. Both are on
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most ftp sites carrying Python.
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A. Yes, see the "pc" subdirectory of the distribution sites,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pc/>.
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The file dosbuild.tar.gz on the standard ftp sites contains
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rudimentary Makefiles and instructions
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/dosbuild.tar.gz>.
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7.3. Q. Is there a Windows 3.1(1) version of Python?
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7.3. Q. Is there a Windows version of Python?
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A. Yes. Use qwpython.exe. The only problem with it: ^C
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unconditionally kills the entire program -- it does not raise
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KeyboardInterrupt. You can also run 16python.exe or 32python.exe in a
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"DOS box", but qwpython.exe appears to be slightly faster.
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There aren't any Makefiles at this moment. Sorry.
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Using Win32s (a free NT compatibility package by Microsoft) you can
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also use the NT version by Mark Hammond -- the Win32s package is also
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in that directory (you'll need several MB of disk space to install
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it). See the next question.
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A. Yes, also see the "pc" subdirectory of the distribution sites,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pc/>.
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7.4. Q. Is there a Windows NT version of Python?
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@ -1804,45 +1783,33 @@ Note that currently there is no unified compilation environment for
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all NT platforms -- hopefully Microsoft will fix this with the release
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of Visual C++ 2.0.
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7.5. Q. Is there an OS/2 version of Python?
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7.5. Q. Is there a Windows 95 version of Python?
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A. Yes. You can ftp an old version from the usual places as
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pyth_os2.zip, e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pyth_os2.zip>.
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This contains both an executable and Makefiles for those fortunate
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enough to have a C compiler. A newer port is in progress -- Chris
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Vale <cvale@netcom.com> is doing the work, using Borland C, based on
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Mark Hammond's NT port.
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A. The Windows NT version might work, otherwise the Windows 3.1(1)
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version should work (isn't Windows 95 supposed to be backwards
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compatible?).
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7.6. Q. Is there a VMS version of Python?
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7.6. Q. Is there an OS/2 version of Python?
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A. I think not (yet). This question has been asked on the list
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several times and I've never seen an answer. Maybe someone with a VMS
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C compiler could attempt a port? Probably coming up with proper
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Makefiles, config.h and config.c should be sufficient. If you succeed
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(or even if you get stuck halfway), please let me know! (Info as of
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23 September 1994.)
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A. Yes, also see the "pc" subdirectory of the distribution sites,
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e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pc/>.
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7.7. Q. What about IBM mainframes, or other esoteric non-UNIX
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7.7. Q. Is there a VMS version of Python?
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A. I think not. This question has been asked on the list several
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times and I've never seen an affirmative answer.
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7.8. Q. What about IBM mainframes, or other esoteric non-UNIX
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platforms?
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A. Basically, the same story as for VMS... (Info as of 23 September
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1994.)
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A. Basically, the same story as for VMS...
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7.8. Q. Where are the source or Makefiles for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.9. Q. Where are the source or Makefiles for the non-UNIX versions?
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A. The standard sources can (almost) be used. See the previous
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questions for availability of Makefiles/projects or patches. If you
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find things in the standard sources that don't work on your particular
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platform, please let me know and I'll integrate a solution into the
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next release of the standard sources. If you submit a fix, please use
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some kind of #ifdef so as to keep the source working for other
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platforms. In particular, if the patch works around the availability
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of a particular function of header file, you should mimic the
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HAVE_... style used by the configure script -- you can then submit a
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config.h file for a particular platform so there are no absolutely
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platform-specific #ifdefs in the rest of the sources.
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A. The standard sources can (almost) be used. Additional sources can
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be found in the platform-specific subdirectories of the distribution.
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7.9. Q. What is the status and support for the non-UNIX versions?
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7.10. Q. What is the status and support for the non-UNIX versions?
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A. I don't have access to most of these platforms, so in general I am
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dependent on material submitted by volunteers(*). However I strive to
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@ -1853,15 +1820,14 @@ version to the various non-UNIX platforms should be easy.
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(*) For the Macintosh, that volunteer is me, with help from Jack
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Jansen <jack@cwi.nl>.
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7.10. Q. I have the PC version but it appears to be only a binary.
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7.11. Q. I have a PC version but it appears to be only a binary.
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Where's the library?
|
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|
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A. You still need to copy the files from the distribution directory
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"python/Lib" to your system. If you don't have the full distribution,
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you can get the file pythonlib<version>.tar.gz from most ftp sites
|
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carrying Python; this is a subset of the distribution containing just
|
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those files, e.g.
|
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<URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/pythonlib1.1.tar.gz>.
|
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you can get the file lib<version>.tar.gz from most ftp sites carrying
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Python; this is a subset of the distribution containing just those
|
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files, e.g. <URL:ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/python/src/lib1.1.tar.gz>.
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|
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Once you have installed the library, you need to point sys.path to it.
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Assuming the library is in C:\misc\python\lib, the following commands
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@ -1877,13 +1843,12 @@ as follows (talking to a DOS prompt):
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C> SET PYTHONPATH=C:\misc\python\lib
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7.11. Q. Where's the documentation for the Mac or PC version?
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7.12. Q. Where's the documentation for the Mac or PC version?
|
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A. There isn't any. The documentation for the Unix version also
|
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applies to the Mac and PC versions. Where applicable, differences
|
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are indicated in the text.
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A. The documentation for the Unix version also applies to the Mac and
|
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PC versions. Where applicable, differences are indicated in the text.
|
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|
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7.12. Q. The Mac (PC) version doesn't seem to have any facilities for
|
||||
7.13. Q. The Mac (PC) version doesn't seem to have any facilities for
|
||||
creating or editing programs apart from entering it interactively, and
|
||||
there seems to be no way to save code that was entered interactively.
|
||||
How do I create a Python program on the Mac (PC)?
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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